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Kanna High - Things you NEED to Know About Mixing Kanna with Weed
If you’re thinking about combining Kanna with weed then this is the blog post you need to read!
Kanna extract is a dietary supplement used to reduce stress and improve mood. At large servings, it is sometimes reported to produce a feeling of euphoria.
As a disclaimer, we do not condone the use of illegal substances. It is important to make sure that you fully understand the legal status of cannabis in your state or country.
This article is for informative purposes only and is aimed at people who live in areas of the world where cannabis and CBD are legal for recreational or medical use.
What is Kanna?
Kanna is a mood-lifting and stress-reducing extract from the Sceletium tortusum plant, found in Southern Africa. It has been used for centuries by the Khoisan people as a cultural and spiritual remedy.
When Dutch settlers arrived in South Africa, they noted that the Khoisan people would use fermented Kanna plants during social events, and would sometimes seem inebriated after consuming large amounts.
Kanna wasn’t brought to the West until fairly recently, mostly because of the difficulties in growing large amounts of good quality plants. The arid climate and the succulent nature of the plants make producing a standardized extract somewhat difficult.
However, researchers have recently discovered that Kanna works in the brain to boost serotonin levels and as an inhibitor of the PDE4 enzyme. These findings attest to its benefits for improving mood and reducing stress.
Although there is still room for further clinical research, anecdotal reports tend to indicate that the plant extract produces a noticeable improvement in mood and sometimes a light euphoria. It is also used in small quantities to boost cognitive performance.
Why Take Kanna with Weed?
Once people found out about the mood-boosting and stress-reducing benefits of Kanna extract, the question of combining this natural supplement with cannabis was inevitable.
One important factor in combining Kanna with weed is that Kanna also has a history of being used spiritually. In fact, the Khoisan people claimed that it was at least mildly psychoactive – and these reports were confirmed by the writings of Dutch settlers, as well as anecdotal reports from modern times.
Most people who take Kanna with weed are looking to boost their high. Combining weed with dietary supplements or recreational psychoactive compounds is very common.
The combination of weed and Kanna is mostly thought to boost the mood-enhancing effects and to reduce the negative aspects of anxiety that weed sometimes produces.
However, as with all psychoactive substances, the subjective experience can differ dramatically from person to person. But, let’s be honest – if you’re thinking about boosting your high with Kanna, you are probably already quite experienced with weed.
How to Take Kanna with Weed
Kanna can be smoked, chewed, insufflated, or taken orally in a powder form. The method used often depends on the type of Kanna extract available at the time.
If you only have raw plant material, you’ll most likely need to smoke or chew the plant. However, the alkaloid content is typically quite low so you’d need a rather large amount to feel any effects.
Some people have noted some benefits from combining Kanna extract with cannabis in a joint. You might also be using THC edibles, in which case the best option would be to take Kanna and the edible at the same time since they’ll digest at roughly the same speed.
The best way to combine the two is by using a strong Kanna extract orally, around 1 hour to 40 minutes before smoking your bowl or joint.
There are two key reasons for this:
- Strong Kanna extracts are typically in powder form and do not burn well.
. - The alkaloids in Kanna may be sensitive to heat and are more active when taken orally. Burning Kanna may destroy the active compounds.
The recommended serving size for Kanna is around 25 – 75 mg. But it’s important to remember that there are different strengths of extracts available.
For example, a 2:1 extract is not very strong so you may need to take a larger serving to feel the effects. However, an extract like MT55, with 5% total alkaloids, is one of the strongest available.
Is it legal to use Kanna with Weed?
Importantly, the state of Louisiana has passed a bill regulating the sale and distribution of Kanna, for human consumption. Kanna may be used as a decorative plant but may not be consumed.
In the rest of the United States, Kanna is not regulated by the FDA and can be purchased as a dietary supplement. That means that all parts of the plant can be legally sold and purchased, throughout the country. If Kanna is sold as a supplement, the manufacturer must meet GMP standards.
However, Kanna may not be sold for medical purposes and is not intended to treat or cure any disease or ailment.
If you live outside the United States, you may need to check your national laws and regulations for the current status of Kanna extract. For example, the United Kingdom’s Psychoactive Substances Bill may impose regulations on importing or possessing Kanna extract.
As for cannabis (weed), this also depends on where you live in the world. In the US, at least 10 States have legalized weed for recreational and medical use, while a further 20 states permit it to be used for medical purposes.
Always check the legal status of any substances – including dietary supplements – before purchasing online, especially if you live outside of the US.
Are There Any Side Effects?
Side effects from Kanna are rare when it is used correctly, at the recommended serving size. Clinical studies at large servings tend to only report mild effects like headaches and the loss of appetite.
However, combining Kanna with weed might cause unforeseen side effects. Some reports online mention feeling nauseous and, in some cases, even vomiting, when using large amounts in combination.
If you have a propensity for feeling negative effects from weed, then combining weed with Kanna might exaggerate these effects. There’s also the chance that it might reduce those negative effects. It’s difficult to tell because people respond very differently to psychoactive substances and it can also depend a lot on the set and setting.
Overall, these are two natural substances – both with very low toxicity.
One important thing to note is that Kanna may increase the amount of serotonin in your brain. For this reason, it is important that anybody using selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) does not take Kanna.
Do not use Kanna if you are on antidepressants like SSRIs, or if you are taking any prescription medications.
Do not exceed the recommended serving size for Kanna extracts – and especially for high potency extracts.
What About Kanna with CBD?
CBD, or cannabidiol, is a non-psychoactive component of marijuana with a number of health benefits.
CBD is often used to reduce feelings of stress, improve mood, and to reduce pain. Unlike weed, CBD allows you to function normally – it doesn’t get you high!
CBD with Kanna seems to be a great combination as the effects of each supplement complement each other. This is recommended for those who are not looking for a Kanna high but are rather looking to boost the positive, life-enhancing effects of either CBD or Kanna.
Unfortunately, it is difficult to find products that sell both Kanna and CBD combined, so you’ll most likely need to purchase the two separately and combine them yourself.
It’s best to start by using a low serving size for each and seeing how you respond, to find the ideal amount for your body type.
Medical Disclaimer
Not intended to treat, diagnose, or cure any disease or ailment. Please read and fully understand the potential adverse effects before using this product. These statements have not been reviewed by the FDA and are not written by a medical professional.
Please consult your doctor before using any supplements, especially if you have any medical conditions.
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Thursday, January 31, 2019
What is the Difference Between Rutin & Quercetin?
Rutin and Quercetin are very similar compounds, both in terms of their chemical structure and their beneficial effects in humans. In nature, Rutin and Quercetin are almost always found together, in similar amounts.
However, many people have heard either of Quercetin or of Rutin, and you might be unaware that they’re actually almost exactly the same compound. The key difference is in the chemical structure – Rutin has an added sugar group.
Another difference is that Quercetin has been studied more extensively than Rutin. This is likely because of Quercetin’s better overall absorption spectrum. However, the two compounds have very similar effects in humans.
Rutin vs. Quercetin: Differences in Chemical Structure and Metabolism.
Chemically, the difference between the two is an added rutinose sugar group on the Rutin compound.[1] This means that Rutin needs to be digested in the stomach before its effects can kick in. This means that Rutin has a different absorption profile to Quercetin – it takes a little longer for the effects to be felt, and the effects last a little longer.
After taking a Rutin supplement, bacteria in the intestines break the bond between the rutinose sugar and the Quercetin compound, releasing ‘pure’ Quercetin. This process does not occur for Quercetin.[2]
Although this has not been studied in humans yet, it is conceivable that the rutinose sugar released by Rutin benefits gut bacteria but supplying them with an energy source (bacteria typically use large amounts of sugar as their energy source).
Rutin and Gut Bacteria
Several studies have found that Rutin is metabolized by bacteria in the gut. In one animal study, rats were fed a diet with a Rutin concentration of 0.4%. Another group of rats was fed the same diet, with an additional probiotic supplement.
The results showed that the group that received the probiotic supplement had significantly improved antioxidant outcomes.[3]
This solidifies the evidence that Rutin is metabolized by gut bacteria, and this is also why we suggest taking probiotic supplements along with Rutin.
However, the same has not been found for Quercetin, which does not appear to be metabolized by gut bacteria.
Differences in Effects:
Quercetin has been used far more extensively in scientific research than Rutin. As a result, there is a wider range of known benefits to Quercetin. For example, Quercetin has been studied for its benefits in stress-release, improvements in physical energy, pain relief, and for promoting healthy skin.
Since Rutin hasn’t been studied as much as Quercetin, there is not as much evidence for these benefits. However, since the compounds are identical (once Rutin has been digested by gut bacteria), it is very likely that similar experiments for Rutin would yield the same results.
Summary of Rutin vs. Quercetin
| Rutin | Quercetin |
| Found in most fruits and vegetables, especially in buckwheat [4] | Found in most fruits and vegetables [5] |
| Powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [6] [7] [8] | Powerful antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects [9] [10] [11] |
| Supports a healthy immune system | Supports a healthy immune system |
| Additional Rutinose sugar group | - |
| Metabolized by gut bacteria [12] | Absorbed directly [13] |
| May help with pain relief | May help with pain relief [14] |
| Not studied. | Promotes healthy skin [15] |
| Not studied. | Reduces stress and promotes relaxation [16] |
| Not studied. | Boosts physical energy levels and exercise performance [17] |
| - | Reduces carcinogenesis in rats [18] |
| Slightly longer duration of effects[19] | - |
Our Recommendation:
We recommend taking Rutin and Quercetin together to optimize their benefits. Since they have slightly different absorption profiles, taking the two together gives you a ‘full spectrum’ of antioxidant and health-promoting effects, over a longer period of time.
Also, in their natural sources – fruits and vegetables – these two powerful antioxidants are found in similar quantities. It is possible that there are benefits to using the two phytochemicals together, which have not yet been elucidated by scientific studies.
Although it has not been studied yet, it is conceivable that the compounds might interact together in the body to produce an improved spectrum of effects.
Medical Disclaimer
Not intended to treat, diagnose, or cure any disease or ailment. Please read and fully understand potential adverse effects before using this product. These statements have not been reviewed by the FDA and are not written by a medical professional. Please consult your doctor before using any supplements, especially if you have any medical conditions.
Citations and Supporting Literature:
[1] Rutin. (2018). PubChem, U.S. National Library of Medicine. [online] Available at https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/rutin
[2] Amaretti, A., Raimondi, S., Leonardi, A., Quartieri, A., & Rossi, M. (2015). Hydrolysis of the rutinose-conjugates flavonoids rutin and hesperidin by the gut microbiota and bifidobacteria. Nutrients, 7(4), 2788-800.
[3] Uskova, M.A., Kravchenko, L.V., Avrenjeva, L.I., Tutelyan, V.A. (2010). Effect of Lactobacillus casei 114001 probiotic on bioactivity of rutin. Bull Exp Biol Med. 149(5):578-82.
[4] Ganeshpurkar, A., & Saluja, A.K. (2016). The Pharmacological Potential of Rutin. Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 25(2), 149-164.
[5] Nishimuro, H., Ohnishi, H., Sato, M., Ohnishi-Kameyama, M., Matsunaga, I., Naito, S., Ippoushi, K., Oike, H., Nagata, T., Akasaka, H., Saitoh, S., Shimamoto, K., … Kobori, M. (2015). Estimated daily intake and seasonal food sources of quercetin in Japan. Nutrients, 7(4), 2345-58.
[6] Guardia, T., Rotelli, A.E., Juarez, A.O., Pelzer, L.E. (2001). Anti-inflammatory properties of plant flavonoids. Effects of rutin, quercetin and hesperidin on adjuvant arthritis in rat. Farmaco. 56(9):683-7.
[7] Nikfarjam, B.A., Adineh, M., Hajiali, F., & Nassiri-Asl, M. (2017). Treatment with Rutin - A Therapeutic Strategy for Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases: - Anti-inflammatory Effects of Rutin on Neutrophils. Journal of pharmacopuncture, 20(1), 52-56.
[8] Enogieru, A.B., Haylett, W., Hiss, D.C., Bardien, S., & Ekpo, O.E. (2018). Rutin as a Potent Antioxidant: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2018, 6241017.
[9] Konrad, M., & Nieman, D. (2015). Chapter 10: Evaluation of Quercetin as a Countermeasure to Exercise-Induced Physiological Stress. In M. Lamprecht, Antioxidants in Sport Nutrition.. Boca Raton: CRC Press/Taylor & Francis.
[10] Zhang, M., Swarts, S.G., Yin, L., Liu, C., Tian, Y., Cao, Y., Swarts, M., Yang, S., Zhang, S.B., Zhang, K., Ju, S., Olek, D.J. Jr, Schwartz, L., Keng, P.C., Howell, R., Zhang, L., Okunieff, P. (2011). Antioxidant properties of quercetin. Adv Exp Med Biol, 701:283-9.
[11] Chen, S., Jiang, H., Wu, X., & Fang, J. (2016). Therapeutic Effects of Quercetin on Inflammation, Obesity, and Type 2 Diabetes. Mediators of inflammation, 2016, 9340637.
[12] Braune, A., & Blaut, M. (2016). Bacterial species involved in the conversion of dietary flavonoids in the human gut. Gut microbes, 7(3), 216-34.
[13] Spencer, J.P., Kuhnle, G.G., Williams, R.J., & Rice-Evans, C. (2003). Intracellular metabolism and bioactivity of quercetin and its in vivo metabolites. The Biochemical journal, 372(Pt 1), 173-81.
[14] Azevedo, M.I., Pereira, A.F., Nogueira, R.B., Rolim, F.E., Brito, G.A., Wong, D.V., Lima-Júnior, R.C., de Albuquerque Ribeiro, R., … Vale, M.L. (2013). The antioxidant effects of the flavonoids rutin and quercetin inhibit oxaliplatin-induced chronic painful peripheral neuropathy. Molecular pain, 9, 53.
[15] Harris, Z., Donovan, M. G., Branco, G. M., Limesand, K. H., & Burd, R. (2016). Quercetin as an Emerging Anti-Melanoma Agent: A Four-Focus Area Therapeutic Development Strategy. Frontiers in nutrition, 3, 48.
[16] Samad, N., Saleem, A., Yasmin, F., Shehzad, M.A. (2018). Quercetin protects against stress-induced anxiety- and depression-like behavior and improves memory in male mice. Physiol Res, 67(5):795-808.
[17] Daneshvar, P., Hariri, M., Ghiasvand, R., Askari, G., Darvishi, L., Mashhadi, N. S., & Khosravi-Boroujeni, H. (2013). Effect of eight weeks of quercetin supplementation on exercise performance, muscle damage and body muscle in male badminton players. International journal of preventive medicine, 4(Suppl 1), S53-7.
[18] Dihal, A.A,. de Boer, V.C., van der Woude, H., Tilburgs, C., Bruijntjes, J.P., Alink, G.M., Rietjens, I.M., Woutersen, R.A., Stierum, R.H. (2006). Quercetin, but not its glycosidated conjugate rutin, inhibits azoxymethane-induced colorectal carcinogenesis in F344 rats. J Nutr, 136(11): 2862-7.
[19] Manach, C., Morand, C., Demigné, C., Texier, O., Régérat, F., Rémésy, C. (1997). Bioavailability of rutin and quercetin in rats. FEBS Letters, 409(1): 12-16.
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Friday, January 11, 2019
What is Rutin (Vitamin P - AKA Rutinose)?
Rutin is a potent bioflavonoid supplement that helps promote and maintain a healthy body. It is best known for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immune-supporting benefits. Rutin is related to Quercetin, and the two compounds are always found together in their natural form. Rutin is a ‘slow-release’ version of Quercetin with an added rutinose sugar molecule.[1]
Rutin is digested by bacteria in your gut and goes well with probiotic supplements. The recommended serving size for a high-potency Rutin supplement is around 500 mg, taken once or twice per day. Side effects are uncommon and generally mild (see the ‘side effects’ section below). Make sure you fully understand how to use this supplement before purchasing it.
Background
Rutin is also sometimes called Vitamin P (it is not a true vitamin) or rutoside. It is best thought of as the sister form of Quercetin, one of nature’s most powerful antioxidants.
The name ‘Rutin’ comes from the chemical structure of this compound – a Quercetin molecule bound to a rutinose sugar molecule, which helps the body with absorption. The extra sugar molecule slows the breakdown of Rutin in the stomach and allows the positive effects to continue for a prolonged period of time.[2]
Rutin is often referred to as vitamin because of the amazing and, frankly, essential health benefits. “Vitamin P” refers to ‘bioflavonoids’, of which Rutin/Quercetin are by far the most powerful. Good natural food sources of Rutin include dates, berries, onions, peppers, fruits, and leafy greens.[3] Rutin acts alongside gut bacteria in the stomach, which break the sugar molecule off and allow it to deliver its beneficial effects. Having strong gut bacteria is useful for enjoying the benefits of this supplement, and it can be taken alongside probiotic supplements.[4]
Recently, doctors and scientists have been stressing more and more the importance of bioflavonoids in the human diet.[5] Although Rutin is not an actual vitamin, it is becoming increasingly evident that the human body thrives in an abundance of phytochemicals (plant compounds) – and especially bioflavonoids from fruits and vegetables. Study after study shows how important these natural compounds are for maintaining a healthy circulatory system, fighting inflammation, and for supporting an immune system.
Potential Benefits and Effects of Rutin
In their natural form – in fruits and vegetables – Rutin and Quercetin are almost always found together, and often in very similar amounts. They are both absorbed quickly in the intestines, but Rutin interacts more with gut bacteria.
In one study, researchers found gave rats a strong extract from mulberries, rich in both Quercetin and Rutin. The results indicated that the maximum concentration in the bloodstream after taking the extract was 20 minutes for Quercetin and 1 hour for Rutin.[6] The most important health benefits of this supplement include:
1. Powerful Naturally-Occurring Antioxidant
One of nature’s most powerful antioxidants. Antioxidants protect your body by destroying harmful ‘free-radicals’ – reactive chemicals that cause can cause ill health. Reactive oxygen species (also known as ‘free-radicals’) are formed through different normal biochemical processes in your body. Stress, a bad diet, drugs, alcohol abuse, environmental pollution, and disease can all contribute to excess free radical production. When left unchecked, these compounds can cause damage to the cells in your body, and even to your DNA.
That’s why antioxidants are so important for good health. And of all the naturally-occuring antioxidants we know of, Rutin is up there with the most powerful. A great benefit of antioxidant compounds is that they help to protect your circulatory system by preventing the build-up of cholesterol plaques. As we mentioned before, this is why doctors around the world are calling bioflavonoids the new “Vitamin P” – their antioxidant effects are essential for a healthy heart and a healthy body!
Study: In 2018, researchers set out to discover the true antioxidant potential of Rutin. They exposed cellular cultures to a variety of toxins and conducted numerous tests on lab rats to try to figure out how it works so well to promote good health. They found that Rutin activates a number of different biochemical mechanisms in the body to prevent cellular damage and to protect DNA.[7]
What this study indicates: Rutin is a powerful antioxidant with protective effects on the circulatory system and on cells in the body. It is a great supplement for promoting good health.
2. Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Potent Anti-Inflammatory Effects! In addition to Rutin’s powerful antioxidant benefits, it is also a very potent natural anti-inflammatory compound. This means that it helps your body to manage inflammation. Studies today show that bioflavonoids like Quercetin and Rutin are excellent natural anti-inflammatory agents. Another reason why doctors recommend eating 5-10 servings of fruits and vegetables per day!
Inflammation is your body’s natural response when it’s ‘under attack’. Bacterial infections, scratches, bruises, and allergies all evoke the immune response. The immune response is visible through inflammation such as swelling, and redness. Inflammation is perfectly normal and is actually a very important part of a healthy body. The problems occur when inflammation gets out of hand. Long-term stress and illnesses can cause too much inflammation. Allergies are also a very frustrating form of inflammation.
STUDY: In 2017, researchers used human cell cultures to identify the anti-inflammatory effects of Rutin. They isolated human neutrophils (important enzymes in your body’s first line of defense) and treated the cells with Rutin to record its effects. They found that Rutin had no negative effects on the viability of the neutrophils (a good thing!). However, it significantly reduced the production of inflammation markers (NO and TNF-α) by the immune enzymes.[8]
What this study indicates: Without ‘hurting’ or damaging important immune enzymes, Rutin is able to temporarily decrease their ability to cause inflammation. This is an excellent outcome for a natural anti-inflammatory compound, and these effects are considered to be quite remarkable.
3. Helps to Support a Healthy Immune System
Rutin is great for supporting a healthy immune system! Even though it helps as an anti-inflammatory, studies have found that Rutin (and Quercetin) help to promote a strong immune system. Actually, this had been known for a long time. It is already well established that a large intake of fruits and vegetables is associated with an improved immune system.[9] Fruits and vegetables provide minerals, vitamins, and – importantly – bioflavonoids like Rutin.
‘Immunomodulators’ are a class of compounds that are able to reduce the negative effects of inflammation – swelling, fear, and allergies – while simultaneously supporting the body’s ability to fight foreign pathogens, toxins, and bacteria. Bioflavonoids are considered to be great natural immunomodulators and Rutin is one of the best-known bioflavonoids today.
STUDY: In a 2017 study, researchers examined the effects of Rutin on the mammalian immune system in a series of experiments. The results proved to be very exciting.
- Rutin was found to improve phagocytosis (the process where immune cells engulf bacteria and toxins, to remove them).
- The results further attested to the antioxidant benefits of Rutin, which are also important for a healthy immune system.
- The researchers found that Rutin improved the binding of neutrophils to foreign-bodies. Neutrophils can be thought of as ‘scavenger’ enzymes that find toxins and trigger the immune response.
- The results showed an increase in the production of antibodies (immune cells that destroy foreign toxins) after animals were given Rutin.[10]
What this study indicates: This study clearly shows the immune-supporting benefits of Rutin. Although the study was performed on animals, the immune system is very similar in all mammals. When taken as a supplement or in its natural form, this phytochemical is definitely great for supporting a healthy immune system.
Recommended Usage for Rutin
There is no established RDA for Rutin (Vitamin P) at this time. However, most human studies tend to use a serving size of around 500 mg, taken once to twice per day. Rutin can be taken alongside Quercetin, in which case we recommend using half the usual serving size for each supplement. Rutin’s effects might also be enhanced by using probiotic or prebiotic supplements that support gut health.
Rutin is sold in a powder form. It comes with a measuring scoop to easily measure out the correct serving size. It can be swallowed directly with a glass of water or dissolved in a juice or healthy smoothie. You may also be interested in purchasing some capsules for ease of use.
DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SIZE FOR THIS SUPPLEMENT.
Side Effects and Warnings
There have not been many human studies of large servings of Rutin to assess the most common side effects. However, Healthline.com notes several potential adverse effects that may be experienced when taking Rutin. These could include one or more of:
- Blurred vision
- Upset stomach
- A headache
- Flushed skin
- Nervousness
- Rash
- Changes in heartbeat
- Fluid accumulation in the knees
- Muscle stiffness/soreness
- High white blood cell count [11]
It’s important to remember that any adverse effects are more likely to be experienced when you use larger servings. It’s also important to remember that most people who use Rutin supplements will not experience any adverse effects at all.
The health benefits of bioflavonoids such as Rutin and Quercetin far outweigh any potential side effects, but for your own benefit, we do not recommend exceeding the serving size of 500 mg.
Summary: What is Rutin?
Overall, Rutin (rutoside) is a potent dietary supplement and a naturally-occurring phytochemical with fantastic benefits for human health. Bioflavonoids are a class of compounds that are essential for health and well-being, and Rutin (AKA ‘slow-release’ Quercetin) is the best-known bioflavonoid. The health benefits of this great supplement include:
- Powerful anti-inflammatory effects
- Supports a healthy circulatory system
- The top antioxidant bioflavonoid
- Promotes strong immune function
The recommended serving size is 500 mg, taken once to twice per day. Do not exceed the serving suggestion. Please read the medical disclaimer below to ensure that you fully understand how to use this supplement before purchasing it.
References
[1] Al-Dhabi, N.A., Arasu, M.V., Park, C.H., & Park, S.U. (2015). An up-to-date review of rutin and its biological and pharmacological activities. EXCLI journal, 14, 59-63. doi:10.17179/excli2014-663
[2] Kim, H., Kong, H., Choi, B., Yang, Y., Kim, Y., Lim, M. J., … Jung, Y. (2005). Metabolic and Pharmacological Properties of Rutin, a Dietary Quercetin Glycoside, for Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Pharmaceutical Research, 22(9), 1499–1509. doi:10.1007/s11095-005-6250-z
[3] Nishimuro, H., Ohnishi, H., Sato, M., Ohnishi-Kameyama, M., Matsunaga, I., Naito, S., Ippoushi, K., Oike, H., Nagata, T., Akasaka, H., Saitoh, S., Shimamoto, K., … Kobori, M. (2015). Estimated daily intake and seasonal food sources of quercetin in Japan. Nutrients, 7(4), 2345-58. doi:10.3390/nu7042345
[4] Alice, T., Yves, H., & Jin, S. (2018). Biotransformation of Rutin to Quercetin by Human Gut Bacteria and Its Effect on Rutin Bioavailability. Research Inventy: International Journal Of Engineering And Science, 8(2), 11-17.
[5] Aune, D., Giovannucci, E., Boffetta, P., Fadnes, L. T., Keum, N., Norat, T., Greenwood, D. C., Riboli, E., Vatten, L. J., … Tonstad, S. (2017). Fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of cardiovascular disease, total cancer and all-cause mortality-a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies. International journal of epidemiology, 46(3), 1029-1056.
[6] Ou-yanga, Z., Caoa, X., Weia, Y., Zhanga, W., Zhaoa, M., Duanb, J. (2013). Pharmacokinetic study of rutin and quercetin in rats after oral administration of total flavones of mulberry leaf extract. Rev Bras Farmacogn 23(2013): 776-782
[7] Ganeshpurkar, A., & Saluja, A. K. (2016). The Pharmacological Potential of Rutin. Saudi pharmaceutical journal : SPJ : the official publication of the Saudi Pharmaceutical Society, 25(2), 149-164.
[8] Nikfarjam, B. A., Adineh, M., Hajiali, F., & Nassiri-Asl, M. (2017). Treatment with Rutin - A Therapeutic Strategy for Neutrophil-Mediated Inflammatory and Autoimmune Diseases: - Anti-inflammatory Effects of Rutin on Neutrophils. Journal of pharmacopuncture, 20(1), 52-56.
[9] Gibson, A., Edgar, J. D., Neville, C. E., Gilchrist, S. E., McKinley, M. C., Patterson, C. C., … Woodside, J. V. (2012). Effect of fruit and vegetable consumption on immune function in older people: a randomized controlled trial. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 96(6), 1429–1436. doi:10.3945/ajcn.112.039057
[10] Ganeshpurkar, A., & Saluja, A. K. (2017). Protective effect of rutin on humoral and cell mediated immunity in rat model. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 273, 154–159. doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2017.06.006
[11] Gotter, A., & Wilson, D.R. (2017) The Potential Health Benefits of Rutin. [online] Healthline. Available at: https://www.healthline.com/health/potential-benefits-of-rutin
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Thursday, December 20, 2018
What is Kanna (Sceletium Tortuosum Extract)? AKA Channa/Kougoed
Kanna is a plant extract and a new supplement that is known for its effects on mood and stress. It can be taken in a number of ways – smoked, chewed, or swallowed. Kanna has a long history of use by indigenous people in Southern Africa, where it grows in the wild. It has only recently been discovered by Western science and is of great interest to researchers exploring natural mood boosters.
This is one of the only fully standardized Kanna extracts available today, with 5+% total alkaloids and >3% Mesembrine. The recommended serving size is 25 – 75 mg, taken once to twice per day. Limited studies in humans mean that it is important to stick to the suggested serving size. Make sure you read and fully understand potential side effects and interactions before using this supplement.
Background
Kanna – also known as Sceletium or Kougeod – is a strong mood-booster plant extract derived from a succulent plant that grows in Southern Africa. It was used for thousands of years by the Khoisan people as a euphoria-inducing remedy during cultural and religious ceremonies.[1] The Khoisan also used Kanna as an adaptogenic remedy – to protect the body against environmental stress. Adaptogens help the body’s natural coping mechanisms deal better with stresses like hot weather, exercise, and other forms of stress.
Today, high-tech extraction techniques allow us to isolate these compounds without fermentation. There is a wide variety of strength and potency of different Kanna extracts around the world. The alkaloids are very potent. A 5+% total alkaloid extract, with 3% pure Mesembrine, produces noticeable to strong effects at the suggested serving size.
Although Kanna has been used by Khoi people in Southern Africa for millennia, and also by many people South Africa today, it has only very recently gained global recognition. This is due to past difficulties with extraction and large-scale production. Around the world today, people are talking about the benefits of Kanna extract – for stress reduction, mood, relaxation, and cognition. There is also a definite increase in the number of studies being conducted on this plant species – a number of new studies are published in the US each year. This helps us to better understand the effects and benefits of this remarkable plant species!
Benefits and Effects of Kanna
The human benefits of Kanna extract are a result of the actions of special compounds called alkaloids that are unique to the Kanna plant. Depending on where and how the plant was grown, the content of alkaloids can vary greatly – from 0.02 to 2.3% of the total plant weight! This is partly why it was so difficult to produce a standardized extract in the past. The three main active components in Kanna extract are:
- Mesembrine
- Mesemebrenone
- Mesembrane
These alkaloids are responsible for the noticeable benefits of this supplement, in combination with lesser alkaloids like Mesembrenol and Mesembranol. Our Kanna extract has a high concentration (at least 3%) of Mesmebrine, which is thought to be most responsible for mood and cognitive benefits.
So, when people ask “What is Kanna?” they’re often wondering about what the active compounds are and how Kanna produces such great benefits!
1. Powerful Mood Booster
Without a doubt, the most potent effect of the Kanna extract is its ability to improve your mood. The Mesembrine alkaloid has modulating effects on serotonin receptors, allowing for levels of serotonin to temporarily increase in the brain.[2] Compounds that improve serotonin levels are known for their ability to boost mood and produce feelings of happiness, elation, and euphoria. This is undoubtedly why the Khoisan people have used Kanna for so many generations!
Experience report from Erowid.org:
“A very enjoyable experience although the euphoria seems to reach a plateau and taking more does not increase it, even the [dreams] were good as they were particularly vivid. Once the euphoria ceases it does not seem to be reachable again until the effects have completely worn off. An excellent way to finish off a bad week, a mild and friendly [supplement], just it’s not something to take if I want to get off my face. My wife didn’t notice anything strange about me during this period and she was not aware I had taken anything. It made me feel like nothing mattered.”[3]
Experience report from Erowid.org:
“I have been experimenting extensively with this plant since I had the good fortune of befriending a local grower of exotic plants and entheogens. My Kanna is freshly picked, then shred to a fine(not powdered) consistency, allowed to ferment slowly in a plastic container, and then air dried in a cool environment. It is very effective, either alone or in combination with cannabis. It provides a dreamy, content state. There is an initial feeling of alertness, brightening of colours, and an internal warmth. This is followed by a giddy, light-headed, slightly drowsy state. I just can’t put your finger on it. An interesting substance!”[4]
2. Stress-Reducing Properties
Secondary to its mood-booster effects, Kanna also helps to reduce feelings of stress. Again, this has been known for millennia by the indigenous people of Southwestern Africa but has only recently been confirmed by Western scientific methods. Aside from its effects on serotonin, researchers have found that Sceletium also temporarily inhibits the PDE4 enzyme – a vital enzyme in inflammation. By modulating the activity of the PDE4 enzyme, Kougoed extract helps to reduce feelings of stress and to lightly reduce inflammation.[5]
STUDY: In one study from the University of Cape Town, South Africa, 16 participants aged 18-21 years were given 25 mg of a 2:1 strength extract of Kanna. Two tasks were then performed: a perceptual-load task (to assess the levels of stress) and an emotion-matching task (a measure of changes in connectivity between the amygdala and cortical/subcortical brain structures). MRI scans were also recorded. The results showed a decrease in stress levels and a reduction in the amygdala-hypothalamus coupling. [6]
What this study indicates: Kanna extract may be effective at reducing stress levels and allowing people to ignore stimuli that are not related to the task at hand (improve focus).
3. Helps with Cognitive Function and Focus
The cognitive enhancing benefits of Kanna have only recently been discovered, where people noticed that their ability to maintain focus and concentration improved after using the plant extract. Today, some scientists think that they’ve worked out the underlying mechanism behind this. By blocking the activity of the PDE4 enzyme, Kanna allows an increase in cAMP – a biochemical molecule used for energy in cells. The noticeable effects of this include benefits for memory, wakefulness, and mental focus. As an example, Caffeine is also a PDE4 inhibitor – like Kanna!
STUDY: In a similar study to the one above, 21 Canadian participants aged around 55 years, received either 25 mg of 2:1 Kanna extract, or placebo, for 3 weeks. The results showed a significant improvement in executive function and cognitive flexibility for the group who received the active supplement. Results also indicated a marked improvement in mood scores for the active group. These effects are thought to be related to PDE4 inhibition.[7]
What this study indicates: Apart from its mood-boosting and stress-reducing benefits, Kanna extract may also be effective at improving cognitive performance, and particularly executive function.
Recommended Dosage for Sceletium Extract
The recommended serving size for Kanna is typically 25 – 75 mg, taken once to twice daily. It is important to remember that most studies have used a 2:1 ratio extract (a standardized 2X extract of raw plant material). LiftMode’s Kanna extract is much more potent than this, with 5+% total alkaloid content. Always start by using a lower serving size to assess your response.
Kanna extract can be taken in a number of ways. We recommend taking it under the tongue (sublingual) for optimum effects. The powder can also be washed down with water or juice but is not very soluble. Alternatively, vegetarian (pullulan) capsules can be used should you prefer to encapsulate this product - making it easier to store and handle.
Side Effects and Warnings
When taken at the recommended serving size, Kanna extract is considered safe and is generally without side effects. At larger servings, some adverse effects may be noticeable, like headaches, sweating, nausea, dizziness, and an upset stomach.
One long-term study was carried out on a 2:1 strength Kanna extract, over 3 consecutive months of use at either 8 mg or 25 mg per serving. Kanna was found to be well tolerated. Side effects were more common in the placebo group than the group receiving the active compound.[8] These results were reported again in another study – where the placebo group experienced more negative side effects like headaches, appetite loss, and mild skin irritation.
To reduce the likelihood of experiencing negative effects, do not exceed the recommended serving size. Kanna has not been sufficiently studied in pregnant or nursing women. If you have any underlying medical conditions or are taking any medication, speak to your doctor before using this supplement as there may be a risk of negative interactions.
Summary: So What is Kanna?
Overall, Kanna is a powerful new plant extract with impressive mood-lifting and stress-reducing effects. It may also improve cognitive function and assist with sleep. LiftMode’s Kanna extract contains 5+% total alkaloid content and 3% Mesmebrine. This is a very potent extract. Benefits include:
- Powerful increase in mood
- Reduction in feelings of stress
- Enhancement of cognitive function
- Helps with sleep
Now, if anybody asks you - what is Kanna? - you’ll have a great way to explain it to them!
The recommended serving size is 25 – 75 mg, taken once to twice per day. Do not exceed the serving suggestion. Please read the medical disclaimer below.
References:
[1] Gericke, N. & Viljoen, A. (2008). Sceletium-A review update. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 119. 653-63.
[2] Harvey, A. L., Young, L. C., Viljoen, A. M., & Gericke, N. P. (2011). Pharmacological actions of the South African medicinal and functional food plant Sceletium tortuosum and its principal alkaloids. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 137(3), 1124–1129.
[3] “Finished the Working Week on a High”. (2006). Experience on Erowid.org [online] Available at https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=51549
[4] “Dreamy Energizing Smoke”. (2007). Experience on Erowid.org [online] Available at https://erowid.org/experiences/exp.php?ID=34628
[5] Bennett, A. C., & Smith, C. (2018). Immunomodulatory effects of Sceletium tortuosum (Trimesemine™) elucidated in vitro : Implications for chronic disease. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 214, 134–140.
[6] Terburg, D., Syal, S., Rosenberger, L. A., Heany, S., Phillips, N., Gericke, N., Stein, D. J., … van Honk, J. (2013). Acute effects of Sceletium tortuosum (Zembrin), a dual 5-HT reuptake and PDE4 inhibitor, in the human amygdala and its connection to the hypothalamus. Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 38(13), 2708-16.
[7] Chiu, S., Gericke, N., Farina-Woodbury, M., Badmaev, V., Raheb, H., Terpstra, K., … Goble, L. (2014). Proof-of-Concept Randomized Controlled Study of Cognition Effects of the Proprietary ExtractSceletium tortuosum(Zembrin) Targeting Phosphodiesterase-4 in Cognitively Healthy Subjects: Implications for Alzheimer’s Dementia. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2014, 1–9.
[8] Nell, H., Siebert, M., Chellan, P., & Gericke, N. (2013). A Randomized, Double-Blind, Parallel-Group, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Extract Sceletium tortuosum (Zembrin) in Healthy Adults. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 19(11), 898–904.
The post What is Kanna (Sceletium Tortuosum Extract)? AKA Channa/Kougoed appeared first on LiftMode Blog.What is Kanna (Sceletium Tortuosum Extract)? AKA Channa/Kougoed posted first on http://liftmode.tumblr.com
Tuesday, November 20, 2018
Top 6 Supplements for Energy and Focus in 2019
Do you often find yourself struggling to maintain energy through the day? Do you find your mind wandering while trying to work or study? We all know how this feels, and how frustrating it can be.
Unfortunately, there’s no single magic bullet for energy levels. Studies have shown that the best way to improve your overall energy and mental focus is through lifestyle changes – more exercise, better sleep, less stress, and a healthier diet. These natural hacks are sure to leave you feeling more vitalized and capable of handling life’s day-to-day challenges.
However, not everyone is willing or able to change their lifestyle just yet. Or, perhaps you’re already living your best life, but you’re looking for something to boost your energy to a whole new level! That’s where these top natural dietary supplements come into play. Check out the list below of 2019’s best supplements for improving energy and focus!
Top 6 Supplements for Energy and Focus in 2019
1. LiftMode’s Energy Stack Capsules
A one-of-a-kind supplement stack, packed with no less than 7 top natural supplements for energy and focus. These capsules pack a punch! Needs to be used responsibly and provides a significant increase in mood and energy levels while supporting cognitive performance. Each capsule contains:
- PEA (Phenylethylamine HCL) - 300mg
A neurotransmitter with significant energizing and mood-lifting effects. It is often associated with the ‘Runner’s High’ and is capable of increasing catecholamine synthesis (dopamine, norepinephrine and epinephrine) in the brain.[1]
- Hordenine - 75mg
A potent energizer that increases focus and mental energy. Acts at MAO enzymes to increase the length of PEA’s effects.[2]
- Ascorbyl Palmitate (Vitamin C) - 75mg
Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid) is a water-soluble vitamin with anti-stress and immune support benefits. It also helps to improve absorption of other supplements.[3]
- Rhodiola Rosea Extract - 50mg
A fatigue-reducing herbal extract known as a powerful adaptogen (allows the body to better adapt to stress). May have beneficial effects on cognitive performance.[4]
- Caffeine - 50mg
The world’s most widely consumed stimulant – greatly improves attention and focus.[5] Needs to be used responsibly.
Piperine - 20mg
Black Pepper Extract with powerful effects that enhance the uptake and efficacy of dietary supplements.[6]
- Yohimbine HCl - 5mg
A potent energizing compound from the Yohimbe tree with significant wakefulness-promoting effects. Needs to be used responsibly.[7]
Our Energy Capsules are for anybody looking for a mood and focus kick, without the need for using powders. The recommended serving size for this supplement stack is 1 – 2 capsules, once to twice daily. At larger serving sizes, side effects may include headaches, nervousness, twitching, irritability, difficulty sleeping, and restlessness. Do not take this supplement in the afternoon or evening as it may interfere with sleep.
DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SIZE.
LiftMode Energy Stack capsules review:
Positive:
| Energy Boost | ★★★★★ |
| Mood Enhancement | ★★★★★ |
| Mental Focus & Clarity | ★★★★★ |
Negative:
| Side Effects | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Potential Danger | ★★★☆☆ |
2. Caffeine + L-Theanine Capsules
Caffeine is one of the most widely consumed energizing compounds on Earth. It is found both in coffee (Coffea arabica) and tea (Camellia sinesis) and has potent wakefulness-promoting and focusing effects. Caffeine promotes dopaminergic and adrenergic signalling in the brain, boosting mood and mental focus. [5]
L-Theanine is a secondary compound that occurs naturally in tea. Studies have shown that L-Theanine has powerful benefits on mental focus, mood, sleep quality, relaxation, and wellness. L-Theanine and caffeine have a great synergistic relationship, and studies have indicated that taking them in combination improves mental energy and focus better than either alone.[8]
This is a great supplement for supporting enhanced cognitive performance and improved energy levels. Like the Energy Capsules, this supplement stack is sold in capsule form for ease of use. No need to measure out powders – simply wash down 1 – 2 capsules, once to twice per day. If you often feel negative effects after drinking coffee, we can hig
hly recommend this supplement stack for you! Studies have indicated that L-Theanine may counteract some of the adverse effects of caffeine, such as jitteriness, headaches and sweaty palms.
One capsule contains 150mg of L-Theanine and 100mg pure Caffeine. The recommended serving size is 1-2 capsules, once or twice daily. Large servings of caffeine can cause nervousness, headache, tremor, palpitations, high blood pressure, insomnia and indigestion. Do not take this supplement in the afternoon or evening as it may interfere with sleep.
DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SIZE.
Caffeine + L-Theanine capsules review:
Positive:
| Energy Boost | ★★★★★ |
| Mood Enhancement | ★★★★☆ |
| Mental Focus & Clarity | ★★★★★ |
Negative:
| Side Effects | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Potential Danger | ★★★☆☆ |
3. Magnesium L-Threonate
Magnesium L-Threonate is a newly-developed supplement and is the only supplement available today that is capable of improving the magnesium levels in your brain. In the brain, magnesium regulates NMDA receptors and is essential for learning, memory, and as an anti-inflammatory. This supplement is great for boosting mental focus and clarity and is often used for cognitive enhancement. [9]
Apart from its unique ability to boost the brain’s magnesium levels, Magnesium L-Threonate also provides all the benefits of regular magnesium supplements. These include support for exercise performance and muscle recovery, stress-reduction, and support for a healthy mood.[10] Many people tend to overlook magnesium and opt for more ‘designer-type’ supplements.
However, magnesium is just as effective as many energizing supplements, especially for boosting physical energy levels. Studies show that magnesium may help to reduce lactate accumulation, to improve muscular strength and output, and to support a healthy circulatory system.[11]
The recommended serving size for Magnesium L-Threonate is 1.2 – 2 grams per day, taken in two separate servings. People who weigh less than 70 kg should take no more than 1.5 grams per day. Typically, magnesium supplements are free from side effects when taken at the suggested serving size. However, Magnesium L-Threonate has not been extensively studied in humans. Do not use this supplement if you have any underlying medical conditions.
DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SUGGESTION.
Magnesium L-Threonate review:
Positive:
| Energy Boost | ★★★★☆ |
| Mood Enhancement | ★★★★☆ |
| Mental Focus & Clarity | ★★★★★ |
Negative:
| Side Effects | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
| Potential Danger | ★☆☆☆☆ |
4. Yohimbine HCl
Yohimbine is an energizing and metabolism-boosting supplement derived from the Yohimbe tree. It increases levels of adrenaline in the body and inhibits an enzyme in cells that normally suppresses fat burning. It is often used as an aphrodisiac because of its effects on vitality. It is also used as a potent wakefulness-promoting supplement with aphrodisiac effects.[12]
Yohimbine’s effects include boosting the brain’s output of norepinephrine, to improve wakefulness, energy, focus, and learning capacity.[13] Norepinephrine is often referred to as the ‘learning transmitter’ and it is vital for signal transduction (carrying electrochemical signals between synapses in the brain). It is also a stress hormone, which is why it boosts your energy levels so much!
YOHIMBINE MUST BE USED CAREFULLY! Mild neurotoxic effects can occur at just 30 mg or more. The recommended serving size is just 4 – 8 mg, taken once or twice per day. Anything greater than 30 mg may be detrimental to your health. Side effects of large servings can include overstimulation, hypertension (high blood pressure), racing heart, twitching, disorientation, headaches, dry mouth, and dizziness. Excessively large servings can result in loss of consciousness, coma, and death.[14]
Having said that, most people are able to use Yohimbine without encountering these adverse effects. The most important thing is to not exceed the recommended serving size of 4 – 8 mg, taken once to twice per day. For your first time, use a smaller serving of 2 mg to assess how you respond. Do not use this supplement in the afternoon or evening as it may interfere with your sleep. People with anxiety should not take this supplement.
DO NOT EXCEED THE RECOMMENDED SERVING SIZE.
Yohimbine review:
Positive:
| Energy Boost | ★★★★★ |
| Mood Enhancement | ★★★☆☆ |
| Mental Focus & Clarity | ★★★★☆ |
Negative:
| Side Effects | ★★★☆☆ |
| Potential Danger | ★★★☆☆ |
5. Rhodiola Rosea
Rhodiola Rosea (also known as the arctic root, golden root, rose root, king’s crown) is a perennial flowering plant that grows in the high latitudes of the northern hemisphere. It’s a very interesting plant with a long history of use in traditional medicine, in both Chinese and Scandinavian traditions, where it has been used for centuries as a means to support a healthy body and to reduce fatigue. [4]
Rhodiola supplements have three main benefits:
- Prevent physical fatigue
- Reduce feelings of stress
- Boosts cognitive performance [15]
Rhodiola is known for its powerful ‘adaptogen’ effects. Adaptogens are substances that help your body to cope better to stress and environmental changes. Along with the benefits listed above, it has great anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects which help to support a healthy immune system. All adaptogens tend to have the characteristics of reducing mental and physical fatigue and a mild to moderate energizing effect.
The recommended serving size for this supplement is around 300 – 680 mg, per day, taken in 1 or 2 separate servings. Rhodiola rosea extract supplements show a bell-curve response to dosage. This means that servings greater than 680 mg may not be as effective as smaller servings. Therefore, we do not recommend exceeding the serving suggestion.
If you have any underlying medical conditions, it is recommended that you first consult with a doctor before using this supplement. Rhodiola affects chemicals your body in a way that could have adverse effects for people who suffer from low blood pressure, autoimmune disorders, or diabetes. If you have any medical conditions, speak to your doctor before using this supplement. Side effects are generally mild and rare but may include dizziness and headaches at large serving sizes.
Rhodiola Rosea review:
Positive:
| Energy Boost | ★★★★☆ |
| Mood Enhancement | ★★★★☆ |
| Mental Focus & Clarity | ★★★☆☆ |
Negative:
| Side Effects | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Potential Danger | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
6. Agmatine Sulfate
Agmatine sulfate is a newly-understood neurotransmitter produced from the amino acid, L-Arginine. It is synthesized in the brain and stored in synaptic vessels, for use in receptor signalling pathways. Studies indicate that this supplement has a wide range of potential benefits, including use in stress-reduction, promoting a healthy mood, support for cognitive performance, learning, and memory, and for supporting a healthy brain and circulatory system.[16]
Agmatine sulfate works by enhancing and regulating a variety of biochemical pathways in the body. It is best known for its regulatory effects on nitric oxide production but actually works through a number of secondary mechanisms too.[17] Many bodybuilders and athletes use Agmatine as a pre-workout, and it is highly recommended for students and working professionals as a brain-booster.
Studies have shown that Agmatine also has a synergistic relationship with many types of painkillers, helping to improve their efficacy. The recommended serving size for Agmatine is 600 – 1200 mg, taken once to twice per day. Agmatine sulfate is usually sold in a powder form. Use a micro-scoop to measure the correct serving size.
The adverse effects of large servings of Agmatine sulfate have not yet been studied extensively in humans. However, most users do not report side effects when taken at the recommended serving size. In one study, the effects of long-term (5 + years) use were examined. Large amounts of around 2.7 grams were taken in six separate servings, throughout the day. No adverse effects were recorded. [18]
Agmatine Review:
Positive:
| Energy Boost | ★★★★☆ |
| Mood Enhancement | ★★★☆☆ |
| Mental Focus & Clarity | ★★★★☆ |
Negative:
| Side Effects | ☆☆☆☆☆ |
| Potential Danger | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Conclusion: Top Supplements for Energy and Focus (2019)
Time to power through 2019! With this list of the top natural supplements for energy and focus, you won’t need to spend another day feeling drained or struggling to focus. Boost your energy levels and cognitive performance and achieve your full potential with a healthy diet, lifestyle changes, and these top energizing supplements!
To recap, here are our Top 6 supplements for energy and focus, this year:
| LiftMode’s Energy Stack | ★★★★★ |
| Caffeine + L-Theanine Capsules | ★★★★1/2 |
| Magnesium L-Threonate | ★★★★1/2 |
| Yohimbine HCl | ★★★★ |
| Rhodiola Rosea | ★★★★ |
| Agmatine Sulphate | ★★★ |
Medical Disclaimer
Not intended to treat, diagnose, or cure any disease or ailment. Please read and fully understand potential adverse effects before using this product. These statements have not been reviewed by the FDA and are not written by a medical professional. Please consult your doctor before using any supplements, especially if you have any medical conditions.
References:
[1] Irsfeld, M., Spadafore, M., & Prüß, B. M. (2013). β-phenylethylamine, a small molecule with a large impact. WebmedCentral, 4(9), 4409.
[2] Hapke HJ, Strathmann W. (1995). [Pharmacological effects of hordenine]. Dtsch Tierarztl Wochenschr, 102(6):228-32
[3] Sorice A, Guerriero E, Capone F, Colonna G, Castello G, Costantini S. (2014). Ascorbic acid: its role in immune system and chronic inflammation diseases. Mini Rev Med Chem, 14(5):444-52.
[4] Ishaque, S., Shamseer, L., Bukutu, C., & Vohra, S. (2012). Rhodiola rosea for physical and mental fatigue: a systematic review. BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 12, 70.
[5] Nawrot, P., Jordan, S., Eastwood, J., Rotstein, J., Hugenholtz, A., Feeley, M. (2003). Effects of caffeine on human health. Food Addit Contam. 2003 Jan;20(1):1-30.
[6] Srinivasan, K. (2007). Black pepper and its pungent principle-piperine: a review of diverse physiological effects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr, 47(8):735-48.
[7] Ostojic, S.M. (2006). Yohimbine: the effects on body composition and exercise performance in soccer players. Res Sports Med, 14(4):289-99.
[8] Kahathuduwa CN, Dassanayake TL, Amarakoon AMT, Weerasinghe VS. (2017). Acute effects of theanine, caffeine and theanine-caffeine combination on attention. Nutr Neurosci, 20(6):369-377.
[9] Wang, J., Liu, Y., Zhou, L.J., Wu, Y., Li, F., Shen, K.F., Pang, R.P., Wei, X.H., Li, Y.Y., Liu, X.G. (2013). Magnesium L-threonate prevents and restores memory deficits associated with neuropathic pain by inhibition of TNF-α. Pain Physician, 16(5):E563-75.
[10] DiNicolantonio, J.J., O'Keefe, J.H., & Wilson, W. (2018). Subclinical magnesium deficiency: a principal driver of cardiovascular disease and a public health crisis. Open heart, 5(1), e000668.
[11] Zhang, Y., Xun, P., Wang, R., Mao, L., & He, K. (2017). Can Magnesium Enhance Exercise Performance? Nutrients, 9(9), 946.
[12] Tam, S.W., Worcel, M., Wyllie, M. (2001). Yohimbine: a clinical review. Pharmacol Ther, 91(3):215-43. Review.
[13] Swann, A.C., Lijffijt, M., Lane, S.D., Cox, B., Steinberg, J.L., & Moeller, F.G. (2013). Norepinephrine and impulsivity: effects of acute yohimbine. Psychopharmacology, 229(1), 83-94.
[14] Giampreti, A., Lonati, D., Locatelli, C., Rocchi, L., Campailla, M.T. (2009). Acute neurotoxicity after yohimbine ingestion by a body builder. Clin Toxicol (Phila), 47(8):827-9.
[15] Anghelescu, I.G., Edwards, D., Seifritz, E., Kasper, S. (2018). Stress management and the role of Rhodiola Rosea: a review. Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract, 11:1-11.
[16] Halaris, A., Plietz, J. (2007). Agmatine: metabolic pathway and spectrum of activity in brain. CNS Drugs, 21(11):885-900. Review.
[17] Reis, D.J., Regunathan, S. (1998). Agmatine: a novel neurotransmitter? Adv Pharmacol, 42:645-9.
[18] Gilad, G.M., Gilad, V.H. (2014). Long-term (5 years), high daily dosage of dietary agmatine–evidence of safety: a case report. J Med Food, 17(11):1256-9.
The post Top 6 Supplements for Energy and Focus in 2019 appeared first on LiftMode Blog.Top 6 Supplements for Energy and Focus in 2019 posted first on http://liftmode.tumblr.com